blog




  • Essay / Antoine Henri de Jomini versus Carl von Clausewitz

    It is interesting and even surprising that the two main strategies regarding war were developed by European contemporaries of the late 18th and 19th centuries. Antoine Henri de Jomini (1779-1869) approaches his philosophy of war in a structured and scientific manner. Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831) took a more fluid and open approach to his philosophy of war. The fact that they lived in the same period in Europe is also fascinating in that they were likely familiar with each other's writings and were potentially influenced and were influenced by each other's philosophy. Jomini's scientific approach applies more to the tactical and operational levels of war, while Clausewitz approaches war as an art or interaction between people more appropriate to the strategic and political levels of war. Although their two war strategies are presented as opposing strategies, comparing the concepts of each theorist with those of the other theorist shows that they are in reality more complementary than competitive in that they address different levels of war. . The concepts to be evaluated are Clausewitz's "Trinity of War", "War as a Continuation of Politics" and "The Unpredictability of War" as well as Jomini's definition of strategy and his "Fundamental Principle of War ". The first concept is that of Clausewitz. Trinity of War which includes “… three categories of forces: irrational forces…; non-rational forces…; and reason or rational calculation…” [Bassford, p. 205]. Irrational forces are hostility and violence that emanate primarily from the people and are the source of a political solution that may result in war. Non-rational forces refer to chance and probability which are primarily... middle of paper... and which will not occur again in Afghanistan. [Sobchak, p. 239] The war strategies of Carl von Clausewitz and Antoine Henri de Jomini are not mutually exclusive philosophies. Clausewitz's "Trinity of War", "war as an extension of politics" and "the unpredictability of war" speak more to the higher, strategic and political levels of war. Jomini addresses the operational and tactical levels in the lower levels of warfare with his definition of strategy and his “Fundamental Principle of War.” Thus, if we consider their work collectively rather than as competitors, the two philosophies complement each other by addressing different segments of the spectrum of war. Works Cited Jomini, A., Lesson 3, Reading 1. Douhet, G., Lesson 3, Reading 2. Warden, J., Lesson 3, Reading 3. Bassford, C., Lesson 4, Reading 1. Beyerchen, A. , Lesson 4, Reading 2.Sobchak, F., Lesson 4, Reading 3.