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Essay / essay 1 - 1688
Utilitarianism is a normative moral theory proposed by John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham and developed in the 19th century. The moral theory of utilitarianism specifies what makes an action morally right. Good deeds are those that bring the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people. Similarly, hedonistic utilitarianism asserts that the best moral action is one that maximizes happiness and minimizes pain. This article will further discuss the influential issue raised by act utilitarianism and hedonism; furthermore, it will explore the question of the experience machine and finally, I will take a stand against the experience machine objection. “Utility, or the greatest happiness principle, holds that actions are right to the extent that they tend to promote happiness. , false because they tend to produce the opposite of happiness. By happiness we mean pleasure and the absence of pain; through unhappiness, pain and deprivation of pleasure. Utilitarianism states that good actions are those that bring the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people. What makes an action good is that it maximizes general happiness for everyone. What matters are the consequences of an action. If happiness is maximized by a particular action, then that action is morally right, regardless of other considerations. Utilitarianism claims that morally good and bad, right actions will maximize utility and minimize disutility. Mill discusses hedonistic utilitarianism which is defined as “the morally best action is that which maximizes happiness and minimizes pain; we try to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. Hedonistic utilitarianism is the theory based on the fact that the right action is that which produces or more likely produces...... middle of paper ...... because it tends to promote happiness and error if it produces the opposite of happiness. . The vast majority of good deeds are not for the benefit of the world, but for the individuals who make up the good of the world. Through reading Mill's "Defense of Utilitarianism", his idea was that there are many simple, sensual pleasures in life. He posited that someone who experienced both forms of pleasure, high and low, would naturally choose the higher pleasure. Additionally, Elliot Sober criticizes Mills' thoughts on utilitarianism. He also mentions the thought experiment created by Robert Nozick “the experience machine”. Sober takes a stand against the experience machine for various reasons, because he believes that there are many other important things in life than pleasure. It also states that we value much more than just happiness..