Chemical Bonding NotesIonic Bonding- This occurs between metals and non-metals- Fe2+/3+, Cu+/2+, Zn2+, No3-- Metals lose electrons, non-metals gain electrons.- Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved, but not when solid. They also have high m&b points due to their powerful giant 3D network. They are also soluble in water because they have a charge - Metal atoms always form positively charged electrons while non-metals come from negatively charged electrons. Metallic bond - They conduct electricity through a sea of ​​delocalized electrons - They have a network of positive atoms. - Transition metals contribute both S and D electrons to the electron sea - The attraction is between the ions and the mobile valence electrons and not between the layers, this means they can bend each other on others - The greater the number of valence electrons and the more atoms and the stronger the metallic bond Covalent bond - Between non-metals with high electronic values ​​- Can have single, double or triple bonds Bond strength C – C: single bond, longest bond type (154) but is easiest to break (346)C=C: double bond, second longest bond (134) and second hardest to break (598)C= C: triple bond, the smallest bond (121) is however the most difficult to break (837) Predict the type of bond (1) Electronegativity Electronegativity is the force of an element/atom to attract electrons towards him. Metals have very low electronegativity because they lose electrons in the ionic bond, however non-metals have higher electronegativity because they gain electrons in the ionic bond. (2) From position in the periodic tableMetal + non-metal = ionic bondNon-metal + non-metal = covalent bondSimple molecular structureMolecular covalent bonds have weak m & b points due to weak intermolecular forces called Van Der Waals forces. (more on this later) Giant Covalent Structures Diamond and graphite both have these structures but they are very different. They both have a giant network with strong covalent bonds, in the case of Diamond it is 3D and very difficult to break in any way, however with Graphite it is only 2D and therefore can be broken if it is cracked in some way. These structures have very high melting and boiling points.BuckminsterfullerereA family of ball-shaped C molecules in which there are approximately 60 atoms that lie in a ball shape. The uses are being studied in nanotechnology. These substances are soluble in non-polar solvents. Polar connections. The greater the difference in electronegativity, the greater the strength of the polar bond.