1. IntroductionMotorcycles and scooters are a commonly overlooked means of travel in traffic and transport planning in Australia. As a result, there is a significant lack of knowledge on the topic of interest, as previous research rarely considers motorcycles in conditions equivalent to other modes of travel. To understand commuting by motorcycle and scooter, it is necessary to have comprehensive data. The Australian Journey to Work (JTW) Census data provides a source that allows analysis over time and across locations. This data source has rarely been analyzed in the context of motorcycle and scooter commuting in Australia. The overall objective of this study is to improve the understanding of motorcycle and scooter use. Motorcycles and scooters are a growing mode of travel and it is imperative to be able to quantify and understand what is happening in Australia, particularly where these vehicles are used for utilitarian rather than recreational purposes. Although the use of motorcycles and scooters poses great safety concerns, more emphasis should be placed on the use of this mode to improve the limited knowledge on this topic. The traditional approach to reducing congestion in cities is to increase the use of public transport. Motorcycles and scooters offer the opportunity to improve urban mobility due to their reduced spatial footprint. A slight change in traffic composition from private vehicles such as cars to motorcycles will significantly reduce traffic congestion (Yperman, 2011). In addition, motorcycles and scooters have a small engine capacity and, therefore, consume much less fuel and emit fewer greenhouse gases than cars. In this study, the goal is to identify trends in mo...... middle of paper ......rs address these issues because they have advantageous traffic maneuverability and smaller engines that drive less fuel consumption and fewer greenhouse gas emissions. Most car trips only involve the driver, motorcycles and scooters carry the same number of people, but in a much smaller profile, significantly reducing travel times and overall traffic congestion. There is an upward trend in motorcycle and scooter registrations in Australia. Patterns of use of this mode differ between developed and developing countries. Motorcyclists in developed countries generally ride motorcycles or scooters for recreational purposes, while motorcyclists in developing countries use them primarily for utility purposes. However, a good proportion of commuters in Australia use this mode to travel to work and therefore needs to be analyzed further using JTW data in the following sections..