Vaccinations demonstrate benefits in preventing suffering and death from infectious diseases. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), vaccinations were approved first on the list of top ten public health achievements in the United States between 1900 and 1999. While a critical number of people within If a community is vaccinated against a particular disease, the entire group becomes less likely to contract the disease. This protection is called community or herd immunity. On the other hand, if too many people in a community are not vaccinated, diseases can recur. Herd immunity has played a major role in reducing ongoing endemic transmission of a number of diseases, thereby benefiting the community as well as the individual. Herd immunity is one of the main reasons for compulsory vaccination. (1) High vaccination coverage contributes to a substantial decrease in vaccine-preventable diseases, such that the decrease in the incidence of preventable diseases leads to public awareness that the severity and susceptibility of the disease have decreased. At the same time, side effects associated with vaccination have increased public concern. As a result, the number of people who refuse to vaccinate themselves and their children has increased. Recently, many parents are concerned about the associated link between vaccination and autism, even though this concern is not supported by scientific evidence, and has led many parents not to agree to vaccinate their children. Statically, non-medical exemption rates from mandatory vaccination have increased at the state level. (2) Indeed, talking about compulsory vaccination sheds light on people who are in the ...... middle of paper ...... the medical center on vaccination coverage for children aged 19 to 35 months. Pediatrics 2007; 119: Suppl 1: S4-S11.11- aniels D, Jiles RB, Klevens RM, Herrera GA. Undervaccinated African American preschool children: A case of missed opportunities. Am J Prev Med 2001;20:Suppl:61-68.12- Luman ET, McCauley MM, Shefer A, Chu SY. Maternal characteristics associated with vaccination of young children. Pediatrics 2003;111:1215-1218.13- Smith PJ, Santoli JM, Chu SY, Ochoa DQ, Rodewald LE. The association between the presence of a medical home and vaccination coverage among children eligible for the Vaccines for Children program. Pediatrics 2005; 116:130-139.14-Salmon DA, Moulton LH, Omer SB, Dehart MP, Stokley S, Halsey NA. Factors associated with refusal of childhood vaccines among parents of school-age children: a case-control study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:470-476.