The term federalism can be described as a system of government in which the sovereignty of a nation is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent political units which may be states or in other cases provinces. Federalism is a system of governance based on democratic rules and institutions in which the power of governance is shared between national and provincial/state governments, hence the creation of what is often called a federation. When writing the U.S. Constitution, the Federalist Party favored a stronger central government, while the Anti-Federalists opted for a weaker central government. The United States Constitution was written in response to the Articles of Confederation, under which the United States became a loose confederacy with a weak central government. The American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to a system of associational federalism. In Federalist No. 46, James Madison had argued that the states and the national government were in fact but different agents and trustees of the people, constituted with different powers. But Alexander Hamilton, writing in Federalist No. 28, suggested that both levels of government would actually exercise their authority in the interest of citizens: in the event that any of their citizen rights were invaded by either 'other, they could use the other as an instrument of repair. The federal government has certain explicit powers that are spelled out in the Constitution, including the right to collect and report taxes, declare war, and regulate interstate and foreign commerce. The necessary and proper clause grants the federal government the middle of the papers, mosquito districts, public utility corporations, industrial development authorities, transportation industry, ports, hand investment boards -work, redevelopment. emergency financial institutions and managers. Cities and towns have been reduced to the level of yet another group of constituencies to be ignored rather than being an integral part of the economy in their own right. They are not enshrined in the U.S. Constitution and are therefore absent from state law, which created and protects municipalities, counties, cities, villages and townships, yet provision is made for them. metropolitan areas of which they are a part. Metropolises are not governed by a single executive, but rather by a cluster composed of overlapping networks of businesses, nonprofits, and elected leaders. Which makes them less powerful politically but more powerful economically than states..