PIB MicrocontrollerBrief HistoryThe first microprocessor was developed by a small company called Intel (Integrated Electronics) in the early 1970s. But since there was no consumer market, they decided to market the chipset as a "general purpose" microprocessor system in which digital logic chips would have been used. This idea was a success and the Intel team developed a 4-bit microprocessor called the 4004. In 1974, the second generation microprocessor (the 8080) was manufactured as a single chip powered by a +5V supply. , Motorola launched its first 8-bit microprocessor, the 6800. with the same processing power as the Intel 8080. But their internal structures are a little different. A register-based architecture is used in the 8008 with separate I/O memory accessed by typical MOV instructions where the Motorola 6800 used "I/O mapped memory". O" means that memory and byte-scale I/O share the same memory board. In the case of Intel's line of new microprocessors, the 8080 developed into the 8085 and then the 8086 microprocessor Third generation 16-bit which in its pseudo 8088. 16-bit form The 8088 was an 8086 but with only an 8-bit data bus 8088 made it easier to interface with common 8-bit devices available at the time. The 800386 (a 32-bit processor) and 80486 are available today These processors are designed for large memory cards Motorola developed the 6800 replaced by the 6809 (8 bits), then the 68000 (16 bits), the 68010. , 68020 and 68030 used in many workstations The more recent evolution of microprocessor architectures such as the Harvard architecture and the use of reduced instruction set computers (RISC) have led to the development of microcontrollers. such as the Microchip PIC....... middle of paper ......USB unication and connectivity.FIG 4: 18F4550 PIC interface circuitTechnical details of interface circuitCircuit parts specifications:• MCU:PIC 18F4550.• Power LED: LED to indicate power status.• Damping Capacitor: A 100nf non-polar capacitor is used to (dampen)/suppress any noise. into the input power supply of the MCU unit. • Oscillator: An 8 MHz quartz crystal serves the oscillator as well as two 25 pf decoupling capacitors at the input and output OSC pins. Operation of the MCU.• Reset Switch: The switch can be used to manually reset the MCU to start program execution from the beginning.• Analog Channels: 4 open analog channels are available for interfacing with co-circuit channels. available: AN0, AN1, AN2, AN3