HistoryMr. S. G is an eighty-year-old African American man who was brought to the county hospital emergency room on May 2, 2015 and admitted with a complaint of respiratory distress. He has no known allergies and is in full code status. While in the hospital, Mr. Geis was diagnosed with hyperkalemia, hypernatremia and acute renal failure. He was then transferred to the intensive care unit to be stabilized and then transferred to the ground for recovery. He has a surgical history of vertebral fracture following a fall seven years ago. He also has a medical history of pneumonia, prostate cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular events, osteoporosis and hypertension. Mr. Geis is a retired school bus driver and has been married to his wife for forty-five years. They have five children together. He drank a lot of alcohol and also smoked, smoking a pack of cigarettes a day, but he stopped nine years ago. He enjoys fishing and traveling, but was unable to do so due to his deteriorating health. Acute and Chronic HistoryMr. Geis' acute medical problems, including hyperkalemia, hypernatremia, acute renal failure, and chronic illnesses listed in his medical history, were worsened by aging, alcohol use, and smoking. Organ function declines with age and in this case the ability of one's kidneys to perform excretory function has decreased leading to acute renal failure which is also the main cause of hyperkalemia and hypernatremia in him. Chronic diseases of diabetes, cardiovascular events and hypertension also contributed significantly to acute kidney injury. The fracture of the vertebrae following a fall was aggravated by age and...... middle of article ......better understand and manage the diseases that affect one's health. References Sheldon, JH (1960) . On the natural history of falls in old age. British Medical Journal, 2, 1685-1690. Huether, S. and McCance, K (2012). Understand the pathophysiology. (5th ed.).St. Louis: Mosby. Casino, S. (2009). Episodic memory decay across the adult lifespan: a review of behavioral and neurophysiological evidence. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 71, 64-69. Shon Beck, Joan. "Stroke." Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health. Ed. Jacqueline L. Longe. Flight. 1. 2nd ed. Detroit: Thompson Gale, 2006. Nursing Resource Center. Scabies. Potter, P. and Perry, A. (2009). Fundamentals of Nursing. (seventh. Ed. St. Louis; Mosby.Lippincott W. & Wilkins (2014). Nursing 2014 Drg Handbook (eighth edition). Philadelphia. Lippincott & Co. 198, 233.