PARASITOLOGY MISSION: DISCUSS THE PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGES POSED BY SOIL-BORNE HELMINTH INFECTIONS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD AND MORE IN AFRICA AND DEFINE HOW THE INFECTIONS COULD BE CONTROLLED EFFECTIVELY. An estimated two billion people are infected with one or more soil-transmitted helminths (helminths) which include roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworms (Trichuris trichuria), and hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenal and Necator americanus). Worms thrive where the soil is warm and moist and sanitation is inadequate. As a result, this infection disproportionately affects poor people in tropical and subtropical countries, including Africa, Asia and South America. Knowing the transmission dynamics and environment, we will be able to highlight the public health challenges posed by these parasites in these regions of the world and indicate how these diseases might be controlled. TRANSMISSION MECHANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT A. lumbricoides and hookworms infect the small intestine and T. trichiura (whipworms) infect the large intestine, particularly the cecum. Their reproduction takes place outside the host, which constitutes a crucial element in the epidemiology of these parasites. Eggs in the stools of infected people are deposited in the soil. Roundworm and whipworm eggs become infectious as they mature in the soil and infect people after ingestion through hand use, contaminated water and food. Hookworms do not infect via eggs, but the larvae that hatch from them enter the skin of humans when they walk barefoot for example, or larvae could also be ingested in the case of Ancylostoma duodenal . -trans ...... middle of paper ...... eggs from infected people and affects nearly 2 billion people worldwide, especially in crowded, underdeveloped and poorly sanitary places like African countries , China, Central and South America, Southeast Asia, causing abdominal discomfort, with diarrhea, malabsorption, iron deficiency anemia, vitamin deficiency, causing about 150,000 deaths each year and leaving people with enormous disabilities and suffering. All this compromises socio-economic life as well as the development of countries. The fight against these epidemic diseases includes massive and regular treatment of individuals at risk in endemic areas with Albendazole, Mebendazole or Pyrental Pamoate. Awareness was increased through health education using media, school and parents and the implementation of hygienic behaviors within society, for example using latrines, sewers and proper management landfills.