This essay will evaluate the pros and cons, as well as the moral, religious, and ethical aspects of selective abortion, which promotes well-being and health physical and mental health of women. Surgical abortion is an abortion, performed for different purposes, and accompanied or caused by the death of the fetus. The procedure for voluntarily terminating a human pregnancy has been known since ancient times. Kapparis Konstantinos (2002) wrote in his book “Abortion in the Ancient World” that the word abortion comes from the Latin “abortus” where “ab” means “failed” and “oriri” means “likely to be born, to arise ". According to Christopher Tietze and Sarah Lewit's (1969) book "Abortion," which may be one of the earliest accounts of an abortive technique, this surgical operation dates back about 4,600 years and comes from an ancient Chinese work. Abortion was also widespread in ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, and Arab culture. (Kapparis Konstantinos, 2002) However, after a long time, abortion remains a topic of discussion. There are strong arguments for and against abortion. Therapeutic abortion, which is one of the most controversial topics in modern society, is obviously capable of generating intense passions, which lead to a large number of other social problems. In recent decades, globally, pressure has increased for changes in abortion, which could lead to various consequences. Selective abortion is permitted when a particular fetus is perceived to have undesirable characteristics. These include cases of sex-selective abortion in which the unborn child is a girl and the parents, for cultural or other reasons, want a boy or the fetus is unsuitable for the parents of another manner. (Selective Abortion, 2009) But in general, the reason for selective abortion...... middle of paper ......ersity Press. (accessed February 26, 2011)Sedgh G, Henshaw S, Singh S, Åhman E, Shah IH. 2007. Induced abortion: estimated rates and trends worldwide. http://tria.fcampalans.cat/images/Recull_avortament.pdf (accessed March 1, 2011) Summary report: Workshop on early reproductive events and breast cancer. 2010 National Cancer Institute. www.nci.nih.gov/cancerinfo/ere-workshop-report (accessed March 1, 2011) Tietze C, Henshaw S.. Induced abortion: a global review, 1986. Third edition. New York: Guttmacher Institute, 1996. (accessed March 1, 2011) Tietze C. and Sarah L., “Abortion,” Scientific American, 220 (1969), 21. (accessed February 25, 2011) Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the UN. Business.2007. Global Abortion Policies 2007 http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/2007_Abortion_Policies_Chart/2007_WallChart.pdf (accessed February 28, 2011)