Table of contentsThe role of norms in societySolutions to overpopulation: effects of the one-child policy in ChinaExperience of evaluating the total fertility rate (TFR)Effects of the one-child policyConclusion of The effects of the one-child policySolutionsWorks CitedThe Earth's population has increased exponentially over the last million years. Currently, society is detrimental to people who do not want to have children. Thus, this societal bias constitutes a significant incentive for couples to reproduce. Consequently, this drastic boom in birth rates leads to an exponential increase in population, leaving the death rate in the dust. The current global population is around 7 billion people, but researchers estimate it will reach around 8 million by 2025 and 9.3 billion by 2050. However, this gradual population growth is leading to dwindling resources, land, employment and growing agricultural overexploitation. deforestation, pollution, diseases. Overpopulation is a global problem that requires solutions. In this essay, a possible solution is presented. Population control has many methods, opposing theories, and could have negative impacts on society. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an Original Essay At this point, there are a multitude of population control methods. The plans include contraception, reducing infant mortality, one-child policies and family planning. The method of contraception is very controversial by different religions. Additionally, it is the most popular method of population control. For example, Christians largely oppose this method of population control. In addition, this method, if poorly applied, can have harmful effects on the mother. High infant mortality is also a factor in overpopulation in some parts of the world. This method is only used in developing countries; these parents want to ensure that at least some of their offspring can reach adulthood. Scientists hypothesize that decreasing infant mortality could reduce population growth. The one-child policy is widely used by China to control the population and was later abolished in 2015. This policy restricts the couple to have only one child. The Role of Norms in Society Throughout history, it has been the community norm for couples to have children. Additionally, the country also emphasizes the mentality that “every couple needs to have a child.” For example, Christianity professes this mentality through its beliefs and ideals. Quiverfull is a theological perspective of conservative Christians; endorses procreation, refraining from all forms of birth control, family planning and sterilization. The foundation of this religious theory is found in Psalms 127:3-5; it illustrates that “children are an inheritance from the Lord and the child is a gift from God”. Thus, followers of Quiverfull refrain from any attempt to regulate fertility as a usurpation of divine power and providence. Overall, Quiverfull believers support the idea that every child is a blessing and cannot be considered a financial burden. This mentality, coupled with societal morality, stigmatizes many childless couples in the country. Currently, there are many cases where theSociety puts mental pressure and stress on couples who are hesitant to have children for many reasons. A website called LivesScience features a study published by Purdue University; states that "what is remarkable about our results is the moral outrage that participants reported feeling toward a stranger who decided not to have children," says Leslie Ashburn-Nardo, associate professor of psychology. In this regard, many societies ridicule childless couples for not having any. This finding proves that most people view parenting as a moral endeavor. For example, when I was a child in India, I often heard my mother scolding my father about how today's society puts so much mental pressure and community surveillance on the mother if she can't have a child. children for health reasons. As a result, suicide rates have skyrocketed due to the mental pressure placed on them by society. For example, a website called academia.oup.com highlights suicide rates due to infertility in Denmark; it shows that “suicide was the cause of death for 92 women (7.1% of all deaths), most among women who were childless after fertility assessment.” This evidence proves that society places enormous mental pressure on childless couples, especially women, giving them a feeling of hopelessness, a lack of unity, meaning in life, loss of control and a social isolation leading to depression or suicide. Solutions to Overpopulation: Effects of China's One-Child PolicyChina is one of the leading countries using various population methods, including the one-child system. Civil rights organizations and various religions have not widely welcomed the policy. The Chinese government adopted the one-child policy in 1979. It enforced the policy through various financial sanctions and incentives. The government also resorted to draconian measures, including forced abortions and sterilizations for those who violated the law. The implementation of the one-child policy has many negative effects on society. Initially, the Chinese government adopted measures promoting the practice of a family planning method to control birth rates. In the article Assessing the Impact of "China's One-Child Policy: A Synthetic Control Approach Analyzes the Effects of China's One-Child Policy", it is stated that "the Chinese government has widely encouraged the practice of “later, longer and less” among couples. , referring respectively to later marriage and motherhood, longer intervals between births and fewer children. The rules were particularly stricter in urban areas for women up to the age of 25 and for men from the age of 28 and required couples to have fewer than two children. However, this plan was abandoned as it was deemed insufficient to control the population as it did not reach its official quota. Experiment to evaluate the total fertility index (TSF) A research proposed by Abadie consisted of creating a synthetic China to study the harmful effects on the one-child policy from 1973 to 1979 consists of respecting the synthetic index of fertility (ISF) of the post-intervention period. The experiments evaluate the ISF by encompassing similar countries like India to create synthetic China. The research illustrates an interesting observation "...providing indirect evidence for the common suspicion that rate statisticsfertility rates could be “too low” and that, therefore, the effect on fertility of the 1979 policy could have been overestimated. » Additionally, the graph showing China's synthetic TFR was considerably lower than the data provided by the Sixth Census. Therefore, there could be a lot of speculation as to why this might be happening. For example, this simulation does not take into account any masked children. To validate the data, they performed a permutation test. They performed this test by randomly selecting 500 countries, and each of these countries is treated according to the observations of 1873 and 1879. This test indicates that the one-child policy significantly reduced the population by 85 million. This experience has several drawbacks. A major drawback is highlighted: “Is China's size, complexity, political and economic system so unique that it is possible to create a “synthetic China”? This is a disadvantage because Synthetic China is a method of drawing similarities between different countries and assessing the impact of the 1873 policies by subjecting different countries to the one-child system administered by China. Furthermore, it is quite problematic because each country is complex and cannot be subject to the same policy due to the political and economic system of each country. Giel states that this was a more systematic, transparent and viable system rather than simply relying on a single comparator country (country). Effects of the One-Child Policy One of the negative effects of population control in China is its impact on the economy. In the article titled "A Comparative Analysis of Population Control Policies in China and India", Min Kyung Kim analyzes the negative effects on the Chinese economy and states that "one of the major side effects is that China is facing rapid aging and rapid aging. rapid decline in its workforce. Since the one-child policy reduces the birth rate, it inversely increases the number of elderly people. Additionally, this policy exponentially reduces the pool of young, unskilled workers working in factories. This method has a great impact on the Chinese economy, because the Chinese economy mainly relies on import and export. Furthermore, the article also states that this policy reduces career opportunities for young people; and many companies are hesitant to hire young men and women because they want to avoid multiple maternity and paternity leaves and they also don't want to pay for that leave. Another important side effect is gender imbalance. In the article it is stated that “…the strong cultural preference for boys in China leads to the abortion of female fetuses.” Moreover, I also feel that the market economy in China also leads to the abortion of female fetuses. As an example, the average family in China most likely owns a business and many Asian cultures require a son to inherit his father's business; since the one-child policy restricts a couple to having only one child; thus, causing a family to favor the male fetus and abort the female fetus. Conclusion on the Effects of the One-Child Policy The one-child policy in China has significantly reduced the population. The government claimed to have avoided around 400 million births through the one-child policy, but at a high cost. The only child has been cited as the root cause of the shrinking workforce and skewed sex ratios. To stop this downward trend and rectify theeffects caused by the one-child policy, the Chinese government ended the one-child plan in 2015 and promulgated the two-child policy. This policy restricts couples to having two children. This policy has several benefits: It reduces abortion rates of female fetuses due to male preference. Additionally, this policy also increases the Chinese labor force because the labor force is regularly supplied with more people through this policy. Solutions There are many solutions to overpopulation other than the one-child policy and contraception. One solution to overpopulation is to destigmatize couples without children. In longevity, the destigmatization of childless couples will lead to a population decline because young couples everywhere are hesitant to have children for various reasons. Because destigmatizing childless couples would help relieve the mental pressure placed on them by society. Furthermore, this act could also encourage couples who are hesitant to have children to remain childless for the rest of their lives. This act will not have significant consequences compared to other methods of population control. Furthermore, the benefits far outweigh the consequences. The first step to implementing this method is for family members to dissuade themselves from this "every couple needs to have children" mentality and accept that some of their children do not want to have children and support their position in this area. problem, don't do the opposite. In some families, they isolate and put pressure on their child who does not want to have children and, even worse, exclude them for the rest of their lives. This immense and constant mental pressure and environment can lead to increased rates of depression, which could lead to increased rates of suicide. Furthermore, to speed up this process, many religious institutions should accept and spread the message that "couples are not required to have children, and only based on their choice." This message would put an end to religious families expecting their children to have children and, therefore, eliminate the immense mental stress placed on the child. This mentality would emphasize the message that they are accepted regardless of their stance on this pressing issue, because most of the mental pressure comes from family. Slowly but surely, this evolved mentality could expand and spread from families to communities, from communities to cities, from cities to states, from states to countries, from countries to nations, and from nations to the entire world. Another solution is to reduce the infant mortality rate, which is more effective. than China. Kerala, an Indian state, used this strategy in education around 1952. It also became the first country to control its population. Additionally, population control in India is not strictly enforced like in China, so the gender ratio is quite balanced. The article analyzes the population control method; it states that "male literacy rate in Kerala has the highest literacy rate of 96.11% while female literacy rate is 92.07%...". Kerala's high literacy rates are the result of consistent public funding and investment in education and health. Since women have better knowledge, they are likely to stay healthier; this method is directly correlated to lower infant mortality rates, and reduced infant mortality rates. »/26/9/2401/720295.