IntroductionIn this article we will analyze an article on population growth, written by Sanjeev Sanyal in 2011. We will start by describing what are the stages of demographic transition and we will focus on the third which is the one analyzed in the article. Since the main question of the article is why population growth is decreasing in developing countries, we will analyze the link between development and population growth. We will consider policies that can be implemented to achieve the goal of controlling population growth. In this context, we will particularly focus on China's one-child policy, highlighting the problems associated with this policy. As a final step in our analysis, we will take into account the role of developed countries in the demographic transition of developing countries.ArgumentThe article written by Sanjeev Sanyal analyzes the fact that forecasts of population growth in 2050 are unreliable because they distort demographic dynamics. In most countries, particularly in developing countries, national censuses have revealed that fertility rates are in free fall and that, on the reproductive front; our species should no longer develop. The TFR in most developed countries is now well below replacement levels, and the largest declines in TFR in recent years have been in developing countries. The article considers the particular case of India and China where an additional factor could lower future birth rates: the sex ratio at birth is higher for boys than for girls and the future shortage of women implies that the effective reproductive capacity of both countries is lower than suggested. by the unadjusted ISF. Continuing its analysis particularly of India and China, the article attempts to explore ...... middle of paper ...... what to care about. In fact, as we have seen, there is a close relationship between development and population growth. To answer the previous question about why the total fertility rate is decreasing in developing countries, we must say that the decline in population growth is induced by development but at the same time by government policies that aim to stimulate development. But even though these policies implemented by developing countries can lead to good results, it is also important to consider the undesirable consequences that could result. China's one-child policy represents one of the most extreme policies that can be deployed, and because of its extremisms, it is beginning to reveal all of its weaknesses. This is why developed countries have a duty to get involved in the demographic transition of developing countries by helping them find the most effective solution...