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Essay / Creole as a third space in Jean Rhys's novel - 1988
Jean Rhys wrote Wide Sargasso Sea (1966) as a prequel to Charlotte Brontë's novel Jane Eyre (1847) in order to bring to life Bertha Mason, a Jamaican Creole . who is locked in the attic like crazy by her English husband, Rochester. Rhys believes that Bertha is completely undermined and negated in Brontë's novel. Brontë's silences about Bertha's identity and history force Rhys to shatter the unspoken and deliberately neglected white Creole identity; and give it a voice that humanizes this supposedly inferior Creole and validates its quest for identity and belonging while challenging Western expectations and hegemonic conditions. Rhys, in an interview with Hannah Carter, reveals: “The Mad Wife from Jane Eyre has always interested me. I was convinced that Charlotte Brontë must have something against the West Indies and I was angry about it. Otherwise, why did she take a West Indian for this horrible madman, for this truly awful being? I hadn't really formulated the idea of justifying the madwoman in the novel, but when I was rediscovered, I was encouraged to do so. (quoted in Nunez 287) Wide Sargasso Sea depicts Antoinette Cosway, a white Creole woman and descendant of European colonizers, torn between her white Creole identity and her affiliation and attachment to the colonized black people of postcolonial Jamaica. The blacks deny Antoinette because her father was a slave owner and the English condemn her because she comes from the West Indies. Antoinette is not fully accepted by either the colonized blacks or the white European colonizers. She continually struggles to negotiate between completely opposing expectations and spaces between black Jamaican and white European cultures. Therefore...... middle of paper ......Temporary trends. Ed. David H. Richter. 3rd. New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2007. 1643-1655. Huddart, David. Homi K. Bhabha. New York: Routledge, 2006. Nunez-Harrell, Elizabeth. “The Paradoxes of Belonging: The White West Indian Woman in Fiction.” MFS Modern Fiction Studies 31.2 (1985): 281-293. Mezei, Kathy. "'And he kept his secret': narration, memory and madness in the vast Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys." Critique 28.4 (1987): 195-209. Said, Edward W. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Vintage Books, 1994. Rutherford, Jonathan. “Third Space: Interview with Homi K. Bhabha.” Identity: Community, Culture, Difference. Ed. Jonathan Rutherford. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1990. 207-221. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. New York: Penguin, 1968. Thieme, John. “Pre-text and context rewriting the Caribbean.” (Un)write Empire. Ed. Théo D’Haen. Atlanta: Rodopi, 1998. 81-98.