In our society, childhood has been experienced by everyone, whether through their education, their work with children or their belonging to a society that values ​​and emphasizes childhood. Childhood is considered a natural and inevitable phase that we all must go through before reaching adulthood and it can be defined as “the ‘natural’ biological inabilities of children” (Wyness, 2012, p. 9). James, Jenks and Prout (1998) argue that childhood is characterized by a set of cultural values ​​whereby "...Western childhood has become a period of social dependence, asexuality and the obligation to be happy, the children entitled to protection and training but not to social or personal autonomy” (James, Jenks and Prouts 1998, p. 62). Here, childhood is described according to a set of distinct characteristics and these characteristics imply that the concept of childhood can vary according to place, culture and time. Which suggests that there is no fixed or universal experience of childhood, for example childhood in medieval Britain will be extremely different from childhood in modern Britain and therefore varies depending on the time, place and culture. Since the definition and status of childhood may vary depending on our cultural and historical context, some sociologists argue that childhood is not only biological, but must have been socially constructed for the specific needs of a society at a given time. In this essay, I will attempt to explore how childhood is seen as socially constructed by examining historical childhood and how it has led to the construction of modern childhood in modern society. I will also explore children's agency as competent social actors, capable of constructing their social world.Having established what I will be talking about...... middle of article...... Ltd. Kehily, MJ 2014. Understanding childhood: an introduction to some key themes and questions. [e-book] Available at: online https://www.mcgraw-hill.co.uk/openup/chapters/0335212689.pdf [Accessed: 20 March 2014].Lupton, D. (1999). Risk and sociocultural theory. 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Waller, T. 2008. [e-book] Available at: online http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/25235_01_Waller_CH_01.pdf [Accessed March 20, 2014]. Williams, R. (2014). Children who use social networks before they come of age “expose them to danger”. [online] Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/10619007/Children-using-social-networks-underage-exposes-them-to-danger.html [Accessed April 24, 2014 ] .Wyness, MG 2012. Childhood and society. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan. Zwozdiak-Myers, P. (2007). Studies on childhood and youth. 1st ed. Exeter: Learning Matters.